The layer adherent to the epithelial cell surface, 100–150 µm in thickness, has higher mucin concentration and greater viscoelasticity, while the layer close to the lumen, 100–700 µm thick, has lower mucin concentration and is less viscous. The mucus layer in the mammalian stomach has been shown to consist of two layers with distinct rheological properties 2. pylori motility.īacterial infection depends on the complex interplay between the physical properties of the gastric mucus layer and the biochemical interactions of the bacterium with mucin and other virulence factors such as cytotoxins which further trigger a cascade of immune responses from the host, lead to cell damage, inflammation or cancer. Overall, these results suggest that mucins from different tissue locations and disease status differ in their microrheological properties and their effect on H. The bacteria swam fastest in the tumor mucin solution correlating with it having the lowest viscosity of all mucin solutions. The distribution of swimming speeds in human mucin solutions was broader with a large fraction of fast swimmers compared to PGM and broth. However, the human mucins affected their motility differently, rendering them immotile in certain instances. Both J99 wild type (WT) and its isogenic ΔbabA/ΔsabA mutant swam well in broth or PGM solutions. Taken together these results imply that particle diffusion and active swimming are coupled and impact the rheology of mucin solutions. The surface and tumor mucin solutions exhibit an elastic response in the presence of bacteria. pylori bacteria, particle diffusion is enhanced, with diffusivity D +bac(tumor mucin) > D +bac(gland mucin) > D +bac(surface mucin). At 1.5% concentration human mucin solutions are purely viscous, with viscosity η (gland mucin) > η (surface mucin) > η (tumor mucin). We present particle tracking microrheology results on human mucins, isolated from normal surface and gland mucosa and one tumor sample, and examine the motility of Helicobacter pylori in these mucins.
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